Cov thoob dej cia khoom cryogenicyog cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam uas xav tau kev khaws cia thiab thauj cov roj liquefied ntawm qhov kub qis heev. Cov tank no tau tsim los tswj cov tshuaj ntawm qhov kub cryogenic, feem ntau qis dua -150 ° C (-238 ° F), txhawm rau kom lawv nyob hauv lawv lub xeev kua. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm cov tank cia cryogenic yog raws li thermodynamics thiab engineering principles uas ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm kev khaws cov tshuaj no.
Ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov thoob dej cryogenic yog lub kaw lus rwb thaiv tsev. Lub thoob dej feem ntau yog ob phab ntsa, nrog rau phab ntsa sab nraud ua haujlwm ua ib txheej tiv thaiv thiab phab ntsa sab hauv tuav cov roj liquefied. Qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm ob phab ntsa raug tshem tawm los tsim lub tshuab nqus tsev, uas txo qhov hloov pauv cua sov thiab tiv thaiv kev poob ntawm qhov kub cryogenic. Lub kaw lus rwb thaiv tsev no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj qhov kub qis hauv lub thoob dej thiab tiv thaiv cov roj liquefied kom tsis txhob evaporate.
Ntxiv rau qhov system rwb thaiv tsev,cov thoob dej cia khoom cryogenickuj siv cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb los tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias heev. Cov ntaub ntawv siv rau hauv kev tsim cov tank no tau xaiv ua tib zoo kom ntseeg tau tias lawv sib haum nrog cov tshuaj cryogenic thiab lawv lub peev xwm los tiv taus qhov kub qis yam tsis ua rau lwj lossis poob lawv cov qauv. Cov hlau tsis xeb thiab cov hlau txhuas feem ntau siv rau kev tsim cov thawv sab hauv, thaum cov hlau carbon feem ntau siv rau lub plhaub sab nraud. Cov ntaub ntawv no dhau los ntawm kev sim nruj thiab kev tswj xyuas zoo kom ntseeg tau tias lawv haum rau cov ntawv thov cryogenic.
Kev khaws cia thiab thauj cov tshuaj cryogenic kuj xav tau kev siv cov qhov dej tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom siv uas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm qhov kub qis. Cov khoom no yog tsim los tiv thaiv kev xau thiab tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tank, txawm tias nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav ntawm kev khaws cia cryogenic. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tank tau nruab nrog cov khoom siv txo qhov siab kom tiv thaiv kev siab dhau thiab xyuas kom meej tias lub kaw lus khaws cia muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm cov thoob dej cryogenic kuj suav nrog kev siv cov tshuab tub yees kom tswj tau qhov kub qis hauv lub tank. Cov tshuab no tau tsim los tshem tawm cua sov ntawm lub tank tas li thiab tswj qhov kub ntawm cov roj liquefied kom nws nyob hauv nws lub xeev kua. Cov tshuab tub yees tau tsim thiab saib xyuas kom zoo kom ntseeg tau tias lawv ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab ntseeg tau, vim tias txhua qhov tsis ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua rau qhov kub cryogenic poob thiab ua rau cov khoom hauv lub tank evaporation.
Hauv kev lag luam xws li kev kho mob, kev ua zaub mov, thiab kev tsim khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov thoob khib nyiab cryogenic ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev khaws cia thiab thauj cov tshuaj xws li cov kua nitrogen, cov pa oxygen, thiab cov kua helium. Cov tshuaj no siv rau ntau yam kev siv, txij li kev khaws cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov khoom siv kho mob mus rau kev txias cov hlau nplaum superconducting thiab cov ntaub ntawv semiconductor. Kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov thoob khib nyiab cryogenic yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom muaj thiab zoo ntawm cov tshuaj no rau ntau yam txheej txheem kev lag luam.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm cov thoob khib nyiab cryogenic kuj tseem ceeb heev rau kev khaws cia thiab thauj mus los ntawm lub zog. Cov roj av liquefied (LNG) thiab cov kua hydrogen tau siv ntau zuj zus los ua cov roj lwm txoj rau cov tsheb thiab kev tsim hluav taws xob. Kev khaws cia thiab thauj mus los ntawm cov tshuaj cryogenic no xav tau cov thoob khib nyiab cryogenic tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov kub qis thiab tswj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kua no. Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev khaws cia cryogenic yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tau zoo ntawm cov roj lwm txoj no.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm cov thoob khib nyiab cryogenic kuj tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam aerospace, qhov twg cov roj cryogenic xws li cov pa oxygen thiab cov hydrogen kua siv rau hauv cov tshuab rocket propulsion. Cov roj no yuav tsum tau khaws cia thiab thauj mus rau qhov kub cryogenic kom tswj tau lawv qhov ceev thiab xyuas kom muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke zoo thaum lub sijhawm rocket nce mus. Cov thoob khib nyiab cryogenic ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev muab cov khoom siv tsim nyog rau kev khaws cia thiab tuav cov roj no hauv kev lag luam aerospace.
Hauv kev xaus, txoj cai ua haujlwm ntawmcov thoob dej cia khoom cryogenicyog raws li cov ntsiab cai ntawm thermodynamics, engineering, thiab material science. Cov tank no yog tsim los tswj qhov kub qis uas xav tau rau kev khaws cia thiab thauj cov roj liquefied, thaum ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub kaw lus cia khoom. Cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev, cov ntaub ntawv, cov li qub, thiab cov tshuab tub yees siv hauv cov tank cia cryogenic tau tsim thiab sim ua tib zoo kom tau raws li cov teeb meem tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tuav cov tshuaj cryogenic. Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv kev lag luam, lub zog, lossis kev siv aerospace, cov tank cia cryogenic yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom muaj thiab siv cov roj liquefied kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm qhov kub qis heev.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Ob Hlis-03-2024
